What is the significance of the Standard Penetration Test (SPT)?

The Standard Penetration Test (SPT) is significant because it measures the resistance of soil to penetration, which provides valuable information for evaluating the soil's strength. During the test, a hollow sampler is driven into the ground by a standard weight dropped from a specific height. The number of blows required to penetrate the soil a certain distance is recorded, producing a "N-value." This N-value is directly correlated with the soil's density and strength characteristics, helping engineers and geotechnical professionals assess the suitability of the soil for construction projects.

The SPT is especially useful in determining the load-bearing capacity of the soil and can indicate potential issues such as liquefaction in sandy soils during seismic events. This information is critical for safe design and construction practices, influencing foundations and overall project planning. Other options mentioned, such as determining moisture content, assessing soil texture, or identifying contaminants, do not relate to the primary objective of the SPT.